Prostate Cancer

The most prevalent cancer in males is prostate cancer, which is quite curable if caught early. The prostate gland, which is situated between the penis and the bladder, is where it all begins. The reason is unknown to experts, although the danger increases with age.

Signs And Symptoms Of Prostate Cancer

Early-stage prostate cancer frequently has no symptoms, but screening can identify alterations that might be signs of the disease. PSA levels are measured by a blood test as part of the Trusted Source screening process. Elevated levels signify the existence of malignancy.

• Males with symptoms may experience trouble initiating and sustaining urination.
• A weak urine stream, blood in the pee, sperm in the urine, or a frequent desire to urinate, especially at night.
• Back, hip, or pelvic discomfort during ejaculation or urine.

Patients with advanced prostate cancer can show no symptoms. The extent of the malignancy and its spread throughout the body will determine the possible symptoms. Advanced prostate cancer may also result in the following symptoms in addition to those mentioned above:

• Bone pain
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue

Screening & Diagnosis:

• Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: A blood test to measure the level of the prostate protein PSA. Elevated levels of PSA may indicate prostate cancer, although higher levels can also be the result of other conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
• Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A manual examination carried out by the doctor to check for abnormalities in the prostate.
• Biopsy: If the tests suggest cancer, a biopsy is done to confirm the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment options include:

• Active surveillance. Some cancers are so slow-growing that the doctor will monitor them and not treat them right away.
• Surgery. In cases of localized cancer, the prostate is surgically removed (prostatectomy).
• Radiotherapy. This form of therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
• Hormonal therapy. Low testosterone levels, which prostate cancer cells need to multiply.
• Chemotherapy. Used for advanced-stage prostate cancer that has metastasized.
• Immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Newer therapies that directly attack the cancer cells.

Prevention:

Although no definitive measure can guarantee protection against prostate cancer, lifestyle modifications can encourage a risk reduction:

• Consume a healthy diet with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Maintain regular exercise.
• Moderate alcohol consumption and refrain from smoking.